Order FALCONIFORMES | Family FALCONIDAE |
Falco subbuteo Linnaeus, 1758 Eurasian Hobby Races:
Falco subbuteo jugurtha Hartert et Neumann, 1907
Common, in places abundant breeding migrant. Inhabits riparian woods and groves in steppe and desert, forest-belts, open plots with singles trees, mountain deciduous and coniferous woods near open areas, both on plains and in mountings up to 2500-2700 m in Tien Shan. Appears in mid - end April, on Markakol’ lake in early May. Migrates singly or in pairs, at Chokpak Pass migration finishes in mid-May, but in northern areas in end May. Nests in separate pairs at 300-500 m, usually 1-2 km apart. For breeding old nest of Crow or Magpie is used without repairing, but sometimes they used inhabited nest and hosts drive out. At once a pair lay eggs on leaves at ground without any lining. Clutches of 2-6, usually 3-4 eggs in mid-June – July. Both parents (male has brood patches) incubate from first egg for about 28 days, but female mostly. Juveniles hatch in July – early August, both parents feed them. They fledge in August – early September. But in northern Kazakhstan, females lay in May – early June, and chicks fledge in mid-July – early August. More late breeding in southern Kazakhstan explained by adaptation to rear chicks on migrating birds (Sparrows, Swallows) mostly. At Chokpak Pass last brood recorded 7 October 2000. Autumn migration begins in August, and latest birds leave northern Kazakhstan up to middle of September. On Markakol’ lake singles linger up to 26 October. But in southern areas main migration is going in September – early October, and latest birds observed until 25 October. Migrates singly or in loose groups of 3-5 birds (broods?).
Breeds and also occurs on migration everywhere, where trees and shrubs vegetation alternate with open places.
Gavrilov E. I., Gavrilov A. E. "The Birds of Kazakhstan". Almaty, 2005
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